Melasma Diagnosis and Treatment

Melasma, also known as cholasma. Melasma is particularly common in women, especially pregnant women. Women are affected in 90% of cases. It is commonly affecting the apples of the cheeks, the mid forehead, jawline and areas around the mouth.  Sun exposure is also a strong risk factor for melasma. It is particularly common in tropical climates. Women with a light brown skin type who are living in regions with intense sun exposure are particularly susceptible to developing this condition The incidence of melasma also increases in patients with thyroid disease. It is thought that the overproduction of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) brought on by stress can cause outbreaks of this condition.

Other rare causes of melasma include allergic reaction to medications and cosmetics. There are a number of treatments available for melasma. Creams containing tretinoin, kojic acid, and azelaic acid have been shown to improve the appearance of melasma. Tretinoin, an acid that increases skin cell (keratinocyte) turnover. This treatment cannot be used during pregnancy. Azelaic acid (20%), thought to decrease the activity of melanocytes. Facial peel with alpha hydroxyacids or chemical peels with glycolic acid. Topical depigmenting agents, such as hydroquinone (HQ) either in over-the-counter (2%) or prescription (4%) strength Avoiding the sun and using sunscreen are key to preventing melasma. Cosmetic cover-ups can also be used to reduce the appearance of melasma. Tretinoin buy online uk